Credit support is one of the necessary guarantee measures for cooperatives to carry out agricultural production and management activities. However, there are many problems such as capital shortage and credit difficulty in the development of cooperatives in China. Based on the credit supply and demand theory and cooperative credit constraint identification mechanism, this paper takes cooperative as the research object and applies the demand identifiable bivariate Probit model to analyze the current situation of cooperative credit constraint and main types of credit constraint in China, and discusses the main factors affecting cooperative credit demand and credit supply. Results show that the fund gap of China’s cooperatives is still large, 31.06% of the cooperatives cannot meet their needs of agricultural production and operation with their own capitals. The cooperative credit constraint of China coexists with the demand type and the supply type, 60.13% is restricted by supply-oriented credit, and 39.87% by demand-oriented credit, which is mainly manifested by supply-oriented credit constraint. Harsh loan conditions and transaction cost constraints are the main reasons for supply constraints and demand constraints respectively. Cooperative credit demand has a significant positive impact on credit supply, and the influencing factors of demand credit constraint and supply credit constraint are different. The main factors that only affect the credit demand of cooperatives include the honor of cooperatives, registered brands, risk preference type and policy-based agricultural insurance. The main factors that only affect the credit supply of cooperatives are: the availability of full-time accountant and the management experience of the chairman and managing team. The main factors that affect both cooperative credit demand and credit supply are: the fixed assets, the gender of the director, the political status of the chairman, the guidance support, the financial institution distance, and the regional dummy variables. Therefore, this paper suggests to moderately relax the loan conditions, to simplify the credit application procedure, to improve the construction of the cooperative system, to increase the financial literacy level of the chairman, and to increase the policy support for cooperatives.