以科技成果入乡转化助力城乡融合发展——基于国家城乡融合发展试验区的观察
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作者单位:

1.北京市农林科学院;2.中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院

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基金项目:

国家社会科学基金重大项目(21ZDA059);国家自然科学基金项目(71873139,71773137)


Promoting urban-rural integrated development through the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in rural areas: observations from National Urban-Rural Integration Development Pilot Zones
Author:
Affiliation:

1.Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences;2.School of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Renmin University of China

Fund Project:

National Social Science Foundation of China (21ZDA059); National Natural Science Foundation of China (71873139, 71773137)

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    摘要:

    近年来,中国农业科技创新成果在数量与质量上不断取得突破,推进科技成果入乡转化已成为推动城乡融合发展、实现共同富裕的关键路径。然而,农业科技与经济发展长期脱节的“两张皮”问题仍较突出,亟需构建高效的转化机制,打通科技成果落地应用的“最后一公里”。本文以国家城乡融合发展试验区为切入点,梳理中央政策的顶层设计与地方探索路径,发现试验区通过推动科技人才下沉、构建“政产学研用”协同机制、搭建科技服务平台、完善全链条转化体系,初步形成了科技支撑城乡融合的有效模式。但在实践中仍存在创新主体动能不足、城乡要素流动受阻、成果转化链条不畅等深层问题。为破解上述瓶颈,本文结合试验区经验,提出三条优化路径:1)以需求导向重构科研生态,激发多元主体协同创新活力;2)通过制度赋能与激励相容,构建乡村人才长效留存机制;3)完善科技成果全链条服务体系,打通转化推广堵点。本研究旨在为科技成果入乡转化提供制度参考与实践支撑,助推城乡融合高质量发展。

    Abstract:

    In recent years, China has achieved significant breakthroughs in both the quantity and quality of agricultural scientific and technological innovations. Advancing the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in rural areas has become a pivotal pathway to promote urban-rural integration development and achieve common prosperity. However, the persistent disconnection between agricultural scientific innovation and economic development, often referred to as the “two-layer problem”, remains a significant challenge. This issue urgently necessitates the construction of efficient transformation mechanisms to bridge the “last mile” gap in the practical application of scientific achievements. Taking China’s National Urban-Rural Integration Development Experimental Zones as a focal point, this study systematically analyzes the central government’s top-level policy designs and local exploration practices. The findings reveal that these pilot zones have initially established effective models for leveraging technology to support urban-rural integration through measures such as promoting the downward flow of scientific and technological talent into rural areas, fostering collaborative mechanisms among government, industry, academia, research institutions, and end-users (the “government-industry-university-research-application” synergy), building technology service platforms, and improving full-chain transformation systems. Nevertheless, deep-seated issues persist, including insufficient innovation momentum among key actors, barriers to the mobility of urban and rural factors, and inefficiencies along the transformation chain. To address these bottlenecks, this study, drawing on pilot zone experiences, proposes three optimization pathways: 1) reconstructing a demand-driven research ecosystem to stimulate collaborative innovation vitality among diverse stakeholders; 2) establishing sustainable mechanisms for the long-term retention of rural talent through institutional empowerment and incentive alignment; and 3) improving comprehensive service systems for full-chain transformation to break through bottlenecks in technology diffusion and application. This research aims to provide institutional references and practical support for enhancing the efficiency of scientific and technological achievement transformation in rural areas, thereby promoting high-quality urban-rural integration development.

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引用本文

李鸿飞,张融存,柏艺琳,郑风田. 以科技成果入乡转化助力城乡融合发展——基于国家城乡融合发展试验区的观察[J]. 农业现代化研究, 2025, 46(3): 428-439
LI Hongfei, ZHANG Rongcun, BAI Yilin, ZHENG Fengtian. Promoting urban-rural integrated development through the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in rural areas: observations from National Urban-Rural Integration Development Pilot Zones[J]. Research of Agricultural Modernization, 2025, 46(3): 428-439

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  • 收稿日期:2025-03-06
  • 最后修改日期:2025-04-28
  • 录用日期:2025-05-07
  • 在线发布日期: 2025-06-18
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