数字技术应用提高农户生产效率的机理与实证研究
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1.河南财经政法大学农业农村发展学院;2.中国社会科学院大学应用经济学院

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基金项目:

教育部人文社会科学研究项目(23YJA790021);河南省哲学社会科学规划项目(2022BJJ019,2024ZZX002)


Mechanism and empirical research on the application of digital technology to improve the productivity of farm households
Author:
Affiliation:

1.School of Agricultural and Rural Development, Henan University of Economics and Law;2.School of Applied Economics, University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

Fund Project:

Humanities and Social Sciences Research Project, Ministry of Education (23YJA790021); Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project of Henan Province (2022BJJ019, 2024ZZX002)

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    摘要:

    数字技术作为农业发展的新动力已成为推动农业生产率的提升和实现乡村振兴的关键因素。当前农业生产效率的提升面临诸多挑战,特别是传统农业生产方式亟待转变,因此探讨数字技术在提升农业生产效率中的作用及其机理至关重要。本文基于数字技术对农户生产效率影响的机理分析,利用中国乡村振兴调查(CRRS)2022年问卷调查数据,实证检验了数字技术应用对农户生产效率的影响效应及内在机制。研究结果表明:1)数字技术的应用显著提高了农户生产效率,且经过稳健性检验后结论依然成立;2)机制分析表明,数字技术主要通过提升农户数字素养和促进生产性服务采纳,进一步提升农户生产效率;3)异质性分析结果显示,数字技术对中低生产效率群体、非粮食主产区以及高教育水平农户的生产效率提升效果更为显著。因此,应加快数字技术向农户的推广,提升农户的数字素养与技能,创新数字化服务模式和组织机制,进一步缩小群体间和区域间的数字技术差距。本文的结论对于精准设计数字农业政策、提升农业智能化水平和有效促进农户效率提高具有重要意义。

    Abstract:

    Digital technology, as a new driving force for agricultural development, plays a crucial role in enhancing productivity and achieving rural revitalization. However, traditional agricultural production methods pose challenges to productivity improvement, highlighting the need to explore the impact and mechanisms of digital technology in this context. This paper empirically examines the effect and internal mechanisms of digital technology adoption on farm productivity using data from the 2022 China Rural Revitalization Survey (CRRS). The results indicate that: 1)the application of digital technology significantly enhances farm household production efficiency, a conclusion that remains robust across various tests. 2) Mechanism analysis reveals that digital technology improves efficiency primarily by enhancing farmers’ digital literacy and facilitating the adoption of productive services. 3) Heterogeneity analysis shows that the impact of digital technology is more pronounced among farmers with low-to-moderate production efficiency, those in non-food-producing regions, and those with higher educational attainment. To maximize the benefits of digital technology, efforts should focus on accelerating its adoption, improving farmers’ digital literacy and skills, and innovating digital service models and organizational mechanisms to bridge the technology gap across different groups and regions. These findings provide valuable insights for designing targeted digital agriculture policies, advancing smart farming, and enhancing farmers’ productivity.

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引用本文

关付新,任一笑,郭震,顾冬冬. 数字技术应用提高农户生产效率的机理与实证研究[J]. 农业现代化研究, 2025, 46(3): 440-453
GUAN Fuxin, REN Yixiao, GUO Zhen, GU Dongdong. Mechanism and empirical research on the application of digital technology to improve the productivity of farm households[J]. Research of Agricultural Modernization, 2025, 46(3): 440-453

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  • 收稿日期:2024-12-22
  • 最后修改日期:2025-03-06
  • 录用日期:2025-03-10
  • 在线发布日期: 2025-06-18
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