硅肥与水分耦合对土壤镉生物有效性和水稻吸收镉的影响
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1.湖南省农业环境生态研究所;2.农业农村部长江中游平原农业环境重点实验室;3.湖南省洞庭湖流域农业面源污染防治工程技术研究中心;4.农田土壤重金属污染防控与修复湖南省重点实验室

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国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1700105)


Effects of silicon fertilizers application and water management on soil bioavailability and cadmium uptake by rice in cadmium contaminated farmland
Author:
Affiliation:

1.Hunan Institute of Agricultural Environment and Ecology;2.Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Midstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs;3.Hunan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution in the Basin of Lake Dongting;4.Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Prevention, Control and Remediation of Heavy Metal Pollution of the Farmlands

Fund Project:

National Key research and Development Program of China (2022YFD1700105)

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    摘要:

    本研究采用常规水分管理(CK)、干湿交替(IF)和长期淹水(CF)与硅肥(CK+Si、IF+Si和CF+Si)配施的盆栽试验,探讨不同处理对水稻镉(Cd)积累及土壤Cd生物有效性的影响。结果表明:与CK处理相比,CF+Si处理使水稻根系、茎叶和糙米中的Cd含量分别显著降低61.6%、82.6%和60.5%(P < 0.05)。在相同的水分管理下,施用硅肥使水稻根系、茎秆和糙米中的Cd含量分别降低43.1%、38.7%和15.1%。与常规水分管理相比,干湿交替处理增加了土壤有效硅和有效态Cd的含量,而长期淹水处理则降低了这些含量;施用硅肥可提高土壤有效硅含量,并降低土壤有效态Cd、孔隙水Cd及可交换态Cd(Exc-Cd)含量。在相同水分管理条件下,施用硅肥后,各处理的Exc-Cd和碳酸盐结合态Cd(Carb-Cd)含量均下降,而残渣态Cd(Res-Cd)含量上升。水分管理下,水稻根系、茎叶和糙米中的Cd含量与土壤孔隙水Cd及Exc-Cd含量呈显著相关;硅肥与水分耦合处理使水稻Cd含量与土壤有效态Cd、孔隙水Cd和Exc-Cd含量呈显著正相关。硅肥和水分耦合显著改变了土壤中的有效态Cd、孔隙水Cd和Exc-Cd含量,从而影响了水稻对Cd的吸收。综上所述,淹水管理结合施用硅肥是一种有效的农艺管理措施,适用于Cd污染农田的改良。

    Abstract:

    To investigate the effects of water management and silicon application on cadmium (Cd) uptake by rice plants and the bioavailability of Cd in paddy soil, a pot experiment was conducted. The experiment included different water management practices and silicon fertilizer treatments: conventional water management (CK), alternating wet and dry conditions (IF), and long-term flooding (CF), each combined with silicon fertilizer (CK+Si, IF+Si, and CF+Si). The results showed that, compared to CK, Cd content in roots, stems, leaves, and brown rice under CF+Si treatment decreased by 61.6% (P < 0.05), 82.6% (P < 0.05), and 60.5% (P < 0.05), respectively. Under the same water management conditions, silicon fertilizer application reduced Cd content in roots, stems, and brown rice by an average of 43.1%, 38.7%, and 15.1%, respectively. Compared to conventional water management, alternating wet and dry conditions increased soil available silicon and available Cd, while long-term flooding reduced both. The application of silicon fertilizer increased soil available Si content while reducing soil available Cd, soil pore water Cd, and exchangeable Cd (Exc-Cd). Under the same water management conditions, silicon fertilizer application decreased Exc-Cd and carbonate-bound Cd (Carb-Cd) while increasing residual Cd (Res-Cd). In terms of water management, Cd content in roots, stems, leaves, and brown rice showed a significant positive correlation with soil pore water Cd and Exc-Cd. Moreover, Cd content in all plant parts was significantly positively correlated with soil available Cd, pore water Cd, and Exc-Cd across all treatments. The combination of silicon fertilizer and water management significantly altered soil available Cd, pore water Cd, and Exc-Cd content, thereby affecting Cd uptake by rice plants. In conclusion, long-term flooding combined with silicon fertilizer is a recommended agronomic management strategy for cadmium-contaminated farmland.

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吴家梅,谢运河,官迪,陈山,陈锦,纪雄辉. 硅肥与水分耦合对土壤镉生物有效性和水稻吸收镉的影响[J]. 农业现代化研究, 2025, 46(3): 600-608
WU Jiamei, XIE Yunhe, GUAN Di, CHEN Shan, CHEN Jin, JI Xionghui. Effects of silicon fertilizers application and water management on soil bioavailability and cadmium uptake by rice in cadmium contaminated farmland[J]. Research of Agricultural Modernization, 2025, 46(3): 600-608

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  • 收稿日期:2024-10-07
  • 最后修改日期:2025-03-26
  • 录用日期:2025-03-31
  • 在线发布日期: 2025-06-18
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