By examining the developmental characteristics and typologies of cooperatives, as well as analyzing the management factors contributing to their cooperative differentiation and evolution, we can provide guidance for the healthy and orderly development of farmer professional cooperatives and offer new avenues for the advancement and enhancement of cooperatives. This study utilizes an advanced performance monitoring and evaluation framework to conduct an exhaustive and meticulous analysis of 38 agricultural cooperatives within the Guangxi region’s World Bank project domain. By extracting distinctive profiling characteristics of cooperatives at various developmental phases and categories, the research elucidates their current growth status and delineates their evolutionary pathways. The findings indicate that, initially, the 38 farmers’ cooperatives in Guangxi will diversify into four distinct categories during the first year post-establishment. As these cooperatives progress through three years of development, they further evolve, crystallizing into five distinct types. Secondly, managerial elements—including operational strategies, enhancement initiatives, investment in management training, market intelligence, financial planning, capital infusion, and research activities—exert a pivotal influence on the diversification and progression of the cooperatives. These factors are instrumental in shaping the developmental trajectory and determining the distinct evolutionary paths of cooperatives at various stages. Accordingly, it is imperative that governmental backing be intensified throughout the cooperatives’ developmental journey to ensure robust management frameworks that foster the high-caliber growth of farmer cooperatives. Efforts should be directed towards enhancing the operational capabilities of these cooperatives and offering strategic planning support to facilitate their advanced maturation. Additionally, ongoing research and investigative initiatives must be sustained to supply comprehensive planning support for the evolution of agricultural and rural endeavors.