With the major breakthroughs in genetic improvement of Chinese foxtail millet, the foxtail millet seed industry has been developing rapidly, and the seed industry integration is an important way to further enhance industrial efficiency and industrial competitiveness. This paper summarizes the development history of China’s foxtail millet seed industry, analyses the transformation pattern of foxtail millet varieties, refines the model of foxtail millet seed industry integration, explores the motivations and obstacles to integration, and puts forward a pathselection for China’s foxtail millet seed industry integration. Results show that China’s foxtail millet seed industry has gone through four stages: the gestation period (high-yield breeding), the budding period (high-yield, multi-resistant and high-quality breeding), the start-up period (herbicide-resistant breeding), and the growth period (high-quality, medium-dwarf herbicide-resistant breeding), and the breeding of high-quality, herbicide-resistant, medium-dwarf, and machine-harvestable breakthrough varieties is the driving force behind the rapid development of the foxtail millet seed industry. The number of registered foxtail millet varieties and authorized new plant varieties is generally on the rise and the number of registered foxtail millet varieties by enterprises exceeds that of scientific research units, the adaptability of varieties further expands, and the distribution of seed enterprises basically matches the distribution of foxtail millet production areas.Significant progress has been made, but the status quo of low innovation capacity of seed enterprises and the lack of talents and insufficient breeding resources have not fundamentally changed. There are four main models of foxtail millet variety transformation, including bidding type, custom-made type, integrated type, and independent transformation. The main varieties are still mainly transformed into varieties bred by research institutions. During the initial period of the foxtail millet seed industry, the seed industry was mainly integrated with the planting industry, and during the growth and rapid development of the seed industry, the foxtail millet seed industry was integrated with the planting industry, processing industry and service industry to varying degrees, forming a vertical extension, horizontal cross, high-tech penetration and other integration models with some problems such as low integration, insufficient functional expansion and weak high-tech penetration and integration power. Based on the above results, this paper suggests promoting the deep integration of the foxtail millet seed industry by extending the foxtail millet seed chain,digging deeper into the multifunctional properties of cereals, and strengthening the integration of high-tech penetration and sound intellectual property protection and other four aspects of simultaneous promotion.