As an important medium for obtaining information and sharing and utilizing resources, the information and communication technology (ICT) has brought new opportunities for the development of rural economy and the construction of modern rural industrial system. Based on the village-level data of the latest national agricultural census in Beijing, this paper analyzed the impacts of ICT on the upgrading of rural industrial structure by the endogenous expansion regression model and the generalized propensity score matching and instrumental variable quantile regression model and discussed the action path of ICT on the level of rural industrial structure. Results show that: there are 1 503 villages in which the proportion of farmers using ICT in 2 851 sample villages is 50% or more, accounting for 52.72% of the total sample villages. The average level of industrial structure is 6.53. The industrial structure level of villages with a high proportion of ICT use is also high. ICT can significantly promote the upgrading of rural industrial structure when it does not reach the optimal level of industrial structure constrained by the existing resource endowment. After exceeding this optimal level, ICT no longer has a positive effect on the level of rural industrial structure, and there is a relatively stable “inverted U” shape relationship between them. ICT has obvious characteristics of “supporting the best and strengthening” in rural areas where the level of industrial structure is in the middle and above the middle. Therefore, this paper suggests: 1) to step up the improvement of rural network infrastructure, 2) to guide and support rural residents to develop rural e-commerce and other new industries with the help of ICT, and 3) to develop new development models for rural industries. At the same time, it is also important to formulate more targeted specific measures using ICT to activate the rural industrial development needs of various elements of resources while aiming at different levels of industrial structure of the region.