Agricultural talents are a main force supporting the development of modern agriculture. How to help cultivate agricultural talents in multiple ways is of a great significance for realizing the dual goals of industrial revitalization and talent revitalization. Based on the multi-center governance theory, this paper constructed a 4-G analysis framework of agricultural talent training, including governance subjects, governance modes, governance rules, and governance objectives, and adopted the multi-case analysis method to analyze the typical mode of agricultural talent training and its operating mechanism. Results show that four typical models of product-oriented, vocational apprenticeship, research-study integration, and benefit-sharing have been formed in practice and many green production, management, and skill services have been closely integrated with industrial development. It has improved the ecological and environmental protection ability, professionalism degree, and scientific and technological level of talents. Each typical model has formed a multi-center governance operation mechanism oriented by the interaction and coordination of multiple subjects, the gradual adaptation of differentiated training methods, the continuous improvement of training rules and the convergence of norms, and the dual governance goals of improving management efficiency and pursuing economic returns. To further optimize and popularize the agricultural talent training model, this paper suggests: 1) changing from the government-leading model to a coordinated development model between market and society, 2) promoting the integration of multi-subject governance method, 3) stimulating the convergence of multi-subject innovation, normative governance rules, and 4) incorporating the dual goals of both management efficiency and market returns in the management model.