论稳定脱贫与乡村振兴的有机衔接
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江苏大学管理学院,江苏大学管理学院

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国家社会科学基金项目(19BGL149)


Realizing the organic connection between stable poverty alleviation and rural revitalization
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School of Management,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang,Jiangsu,212013,School of Management,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang,Jiangsu,212013

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National Social Science Foundation of China (19BGL149).

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    摘要:

    新时代背景下的稳定脱贫和乡村振兴,具有目标的统一性和措施的互补性,实现二者有机衔接意义重大。本文基于贫困治理的历程与特征梳理,结合苏北地区的实地调研,分析稳定脱贫与乡村振兴有机衔接理论上的逻辑基础与实践上的认知偏差,探讨促进稳定脱贫与乡村振兴有机衔接的政策着力点。研究表明,改革开放以来,我国贫困治理依据瞄准对象经历了救济式扶贫、开发式扶贫、产业扶贫和精准扶贫四个阶段,显示出贫困治理方式从“输血式救济”到“造血式开发”转变、扶贫瞄准对象遵循“区域—县—村—户”的顺次由“面”及“点”演变、贫困治理目标由“解决温饱”到“两不愁,三保障”的“民生改善”转变三个特征。当前,稳定脱贫与乡村振兴相衔接应该遵循以乡村产业为接口,以乡土农民为主体,以乡村创业为手段的内在逻辑。苏北地区在脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴有机结合做了大量的工作,并探索出一些积极做法。但是,稳定脱贫与乡村振兴有机衔接的实践仍然存在一些认知偏差,表现为以传统工业化思维发展乡村产业,忽视彰显乡村特色;以传统城市化思维实现农民市民化,忽视农民主体地位;以传统城乡二元思维解决农民就业问题,忽视农民创业能力。因此,需要以农业为基础衍生新业态,以农民为主体提升新能力,以创业为手段积蓄新动能,才能实现稳定脱贫与乡村振兴,推动农村经济持续发展。

    Abstract:

    In the context of the new era, stable poverty alleviation and rural revitalization have the unified goals and the complementary measures, and it is of great significance to achieve an organic connection between the two. Based on the process and characteristics of poverty governance and an on site survey in northern Jiangsu, this paper analyzed the logical basis of the theory of organic connection between stable poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, explored the cognitive deviations in practice, and discussed policies to promote the organic connection between stable poverty alleviation and rural revitalization. Results show that since economic reform and opening up, China’s poverty governance has experienced four stages: relief-type poverty alleviation, development-type poverty alleviation, industrial poverty alleviation, and targeted poverty alleviation. The change characteristics was showed three aspects including the transformation of poverty governance in China from “transfusion relief” to “hematopoietic development”, the targeted poverty alleviation follows the “region-county-village-household” evolution path from “area” to “point”, and the goal of poverty management changes from “solving food and clothing” problems to “improving people’s livelihood” and “three guarantees”. Currently, the connection between stabilizing poverty alleviation and rural revitalization follows the internal logic of taking rural industry as the interface, taking rural farmers as the main body, and taking rural entrepreneurship as the means. The north Jiangsu region has done a lot of work in the organic integration of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, and has explored some positive practices. However, there are still some cognitive deviations in the practice of stabilizing poverty alleviation and the organic integration of rural revitalization, which is manifested in developing rural industry with traditional industrialization thinking, neglecting rural characteristics and the status of farmers as the main body, and ignoring the entrepreneurial ability of farmers. Therefore, to achieve stable poverty alleviation and rural revitalization and to promote sustainable development of the rural economy, this paper suggests to derive new business forms based on agriculture, to upgrade new capabilities with farmers as the main body, and to accumulate new kinetic energy with entrepreneurship.

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引用本文

庄晋财,黄曼. 论稳定脱贫与乡村振兴的有机衔接[J]. 农业现代化研究, 2020, 41(4): 549-556
ZHUANG Jin-cai, HUANG Man. Realizing the organic connection between stable poverty alleviation and rural revitalization[J]. Research of Agricultural Modernization, 2020, 41(4): 549-556

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  • 收稿日期:2020-06-30
  • 最后修改日期:2020-07-03
  • 录用日期:2020-07-03
  • 在线发布日期: 2020-07-28
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