To carry out the rural revitalization and to promote agricultural and rural modernization, cultivating new-type professional farmers with distinctive features is necessary. Based on the strategic background of rural revitalization, this paper analyzed the status and requirements of new-type professional farmers in the perspective of professional ethics and democratic rule of law and tried to identify the direction and path of cultivating new-type professional farmers in rural revitalization. As the main body of agricultural and rural development, new-type professional farmers should become leaders of rural industry, advocates of rural modern lifestyle and rural civilization, inheritors of rural modern science and technology culture and farming culture, and implementers of rural democratic autonomy and sustainable development. Cultivating new-type professional farmers should focus on the spirit of “loving agriculture”, the ability of “knowing agriculture”, the quality of “strengthening agriculture” and the consciousness of “democracy and rule of law”. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the cultivation direction and optimize the cultivation path of new-type professional farmers: in terms of the cultivation contents--laying emphasis on social and individual needs; in terms of the cultivation methods--strengthening the accuracy of fostering methods and measures; in terms of the cultivation system--establishing the lifelong education system combined with basic education along with demonstration practices; and in terms of the management system--establishing the coordination of system and policy supports.