By using international muskmelon trade data from FAOSTAT in the year of 1995-2010, this paper analyzed the development and characters of Chinese international muskmelon trade, evaluated quantitatively and compare internationally the international competitiveness of Chinese muskmelon industry. Based on the Porter theory of industrial international competitiveness, we discussed the main factors influenced the international competitiveness of Chinese muskmelon industry from the aspects of elements of production, domestic demand, relevant supporting industries and industrial organizations. Finally put forward countermeasures in actively exploring the new mode of muskmelon sales circulation, improving standardized muskmelon production level, further strengthening the scientific and technological support to enhance the international competitiveness of Chinese muskmelon industry.