Though the land desertification is a gradual process, but its hazards and disasters have lasting and far reaching. Not only did it have an impact on contemporary people, but also on penalise children. According to estimating of experts, the direct economic loss reaches to $7.87 billion every year as a result of land desertification. Also, the survival, production and daily life of nearly 400 million people are all affected by land desertification, directly or indirectly. Land desertification not only worsening the ecological environment, declining land productivity, threatening the safe of river, but also intensify poverty of the sandy areas. Using the system theory and ecological economics as a guide, on the basis of introducing a basic overview of the Loess Plateau land desertification, the characteristics as well as the harm of land desertification, analyzing the causes of Loess Plateau desertification though the following aspects, sources of surface sand, climates, disasters of wind and sand, water resources, land uses, developments and constructions, and combined control experience of Loess Plateau desertification over the years, the paper proposes four desertification control modes,including ecological governance, plant, engineering and chemical governance, sand industry-leading, and relying on the linear engineering .