Abstract: Exploiting the promotion effects of social capital on rural households' willingness and behaviors to use agricultural credit guarantee financing is of great significance to solve the difficulties of farmers' mortgage guarantee financing in rural financial market. Based on a survey data of 666 rural households in three counties (districts) in Shaanxi, and applying the Bivariate Probit model, this paper analyzed the effects of social capital on rural households' willingness and behaviors to use agricultural credit guarantee financing. Results show that 50.4% of the surveyed households are willing to use agricultural credit guarantee financing, but the rate of financing behaviors is only 18.6%, and the effective willingness of households to use agricultural credit guarantee financing is low with a deviation between willingness and behaviors. Among various types of social capital, government relationship capital is only beneficial to increase households' willingness to use agricultural credit guarantee financing, while bank relationship capital and village-level relationship capital can significantly increase the probability of households having both willingness and behaviors to use agricultural credit guarantee financing with low deviation between them. Social capital increases the probability of households' willingness and behaviors by improving their knowledge of agricultural credit guarantee financing process and policy knowledge. While social capital has more significant effects on the willingness and behaviors of household heads under the age of 60, with high school education or less, and with low-income level than those of other age, education level and income level. Therefore, this paper provided some suggestions, including enriching households' social capital, increasing the publicity of agricultural credit guarantee financing, and formulating differentiated policies and application conditions for agricultural credit guarantee loans.