Abstract: Technological innovation and application have played an important role in ensuring the quality and safety of agricultural products and increasing farmers’ income. Based on a survey data of 1 946 growers nationwide and applying the Endogenous Switching Regression model, this article analyzes the income-increasing effects and the mechanism of adopting green technologies by farmers from the perspective of quality economics. Empirical results show that adopting green technologies has an income-increasing effect. Under the counterfactual framework, the adoption of green technologies can increase the total income of farmers by 18.37% and the net income by 27.93%. Among different green technologies, the adoption of water-saving irrigation technology has the most obvious effect on income. Among different farmers, adopting green technologies has a higher income-increasing effect on rural households than non-agricultural households, and has a higher income-increasing effect on ordinary rural households than family farms and specialized households. Quality certification and policy support are the main mechanism for the adoption of green technology to increase income, but the role of channel expansion is not obvious. Therefore, this paper suggests to speed up the improvement of green technology publicity and promotion mechanisms, to enhance farmers’ willingness and ability to adopt green technologies through demonstration effects and policy support, and to improve the income-increasing path of green technologies.