Abstract: Agricultural science and technology training is not only related to the professional development of agricultural science and technology talents, but also affects the smooth implementation of the strategy of rural revitalization. Based on a survey data of 326 agricultural science and technology talents from Henan Province and applying the theory of planned behaviors, this paper analyzed the influencing factors for the participation behaviors of agricultural science and technology training by the structural equation model. Results show that the willingness and enthusiasm of agricultural science and technology talents to participate in training are not very high, and the average values are 3.20 and 3.08 respectively. The willingness of agricultural science and technology talents to participate in training has a significant positive impact on their participating behaviors. The attitudes toward the behaviors, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control have significant positive impacts on the willingness of agricultural science and technology talents to participate in training. Among them, the attitudes toward the behaviors has the most significant impact on their willingness to participate in training, followed by perceived behavioral control. And subjective norms have the least significant impact. Willingness to participate in training has an intermediary role in the influence of attitudes toward the behaviors, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control on training behaviors. Therefore, the government should pay attention to policy guidance, create a training atmosphere, pay attention to training needs, promote professional development, increase investment, improve the system and mechanism, improve the willingness of agricultural science and technology talents to participate in training, and guide agricultural science and technology talents to participate in training behavior actively.