Abstract: Building an evaluation system for farmland quality management (FQM) based on performance appraisal, quantitatively evaluating the FQM performance, and diagnosing its obstacles are of a great significance for improving the FQM performance level. This paper constructed an FQM evaluation system for performance appraisal from three aspects: productivity, environment and ecology. Taking Yimen Town, Binzhou City, Shaanxi Province as an example, this paper evaluated the regional FQM performance level and identified some obstacles to the performance level by the improved TOPSIS method and the obstacle factor diagnosis model. Results show that: 1) the performance of FQM in the study area includes medium and good levels, accounting for 88.54% and 11.46% of the total farmland area in the region respectively. The spatial distribution of productivity performance level is uneven and the overall farming condition performance level is at the medium level; 2) the soil quality performance level is good, the overall environmental performance is moderate; and 3) the ecological performance of most farmland is at the good level. In addition, this research also found that main obstacles to the FQM performance imposed significant impacts on productivity performance, environmental performance, and ecological performance in the decreasing order. These obstacles, in the descending order of their influence degrees, include soil organic matter and soil heavy metals. The evaluation results of the FQM evaluation system can objectively reflect the FQM level and have a strong pertinence while satisfying the purpose of performance assessment.