Abstract: Evaluating the risks and exploring the prevention measures of rural residential land withdrawal under different modes are critical to guide rural households to withdraw from residential land rationally. Based on a survey data of farmers in Jinjiang City of Fujian Province, and applying the method of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE) method, this paper constructed a residential land withdrawal risk identification index system from the perspective of farmers’ micro welfare to comprehensively evaluate the risks of residential land withdrawal under different modes. Results show that there is two main modes of residential land withdrawal, including index replacement and asset replacement, in Jinjiang City. In general, the comprehensive risk scores of the two modes are both in the middle alert levels. Both of the two modes have great influences on the residential land withdrawal for farmers. Farmers’ understanding degree of policy is at the heavy alert level from the perspectives of the internal indicators of both modes. It is at the level of heavy alert for the internal indexes of household daily expenditure and per capita living area under the mode of asset replacement. This research also finds that there are differences in the basic motivation and institutional arrangement of residential land withdrawal under two modes, which have different influences on farmers. To provide targeted risk prevention countermeasures for farmers to withdraw residential land, this paper suggests to raise the compensation standard and scope scientifically, to standardize the procedure of residential land withdrawal, and to adopt differentiated approaches to promote farmers to participate.