Abstract: Based on a survey data of the ecological immigrant households in the town resettlement of Guizhou Province, and applying the Amartya Sen’s theory of capability and the fuzzy evaluation method, this paper constructed a theoretical framework and analyzed the sustainable development ability of ecological immigrant. Main results show that: 1) after relocation, in general the sustainable development ability of the immigrant households has been improved, the capability index increased from 0.479 to 0.590. The functional activities such as economic income, material conditions, living environment and social opportunities have been improved, but social networks have been slightly weakened; 2) under settlement conversion, the capability, material conditions and social opportunities of immigrant households in all settlements were increased. However, other three functional activities of immigrant households have deteriorated in part of the settlements after relocation; and 3) after relocation, the capability of immigrant households in all segmenting under average years of education, the number of labor force and average age conversion were higher than before except those households with family members’ health conditions being “not so good” and “very bad”, immigrant households’ functional activities in segmenting under family characteristic factors conversion displayed some heterogeneity. To enhance the capability of ecological immigrants, this paper provides the following policy recommendations: to increase immigrants’ income by promoting employment as the core multi-channel, to strengthen education training, to provide medical and health services, to increase credit support, to implement the differential precision support policy, and to help immigrants restructure social networks.