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土地经营权入股合作社的基本内涵、功能价值与制度构建

The connotation, functional value and system construction of the land management right being shares of cooperatives

  • 摘要: 引导土地经营权入股合作社是不断探索和丰富“三权分置”具体实现形式的重要举措。土地经营权入股合作社过程中,土地经营权应当被塑造为用益物权,入股的合作社类型应当是农民专业合作社。土地经营权入股合作社具有“制度落实、要素整合、粮食安全和经济发展”的功能价值,但目前存在着法律规范滞后和配套制度缺陷两大问题。今后,土地经营权入股合作社需遵循入股自愿、平等协商、有偿流转;集体所有、稳定承包、农业用途;合理期限、规范入股、权益保护三大原则。机制构建上,应按照“自下而上”的改革思路,提出现行土地经营权入股合作社法律法规修改和完善的指导性建议,并加强有关政策与配套设计,具体包括研究推进土地经营权入股登记制度、建立市场体制、构建入股保障机制等。

     

    Abstract: Guiding the land management right being shares of cooperatives is an important measure to continuously explore and enrich the realization of the “division of three rights”. In the process of the land management right being shares of cooperatives, land management right should be shaped as usufructuary right and the type of cooperative should be farmers’ professional cooperatives. The functional values of the land management right being shares of cooperatives include system implementation, element integration, food safety, and economic development. However, there are two major problems currently: lagged legal norms and defective supporting system. In the future, the land management right being shares of cooperatives should follow these principles: voluntary participation, equal negotiation right, paid circulation, collective ownership, stabile contracting, agricultural usage, reasonable time period, standard shares, and protection of rights and interests. To construct a systematic mechanism, this paper suggests to revise and perfect the current laws and regulations and to strengthen the relevant policies and supporting design from three main aspects: promoting registration system of the land management right being shares, establishing the market system, and constructing and implementing the security system on the land management right being shares.

     

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