Abstract: In order to improve the village public service and social management, Chengdu created the Villager Council(VC) system, which provided a considerable experience for solving the dilemma of public goods provision in villages and rural areas. Based on a questionnaire survey data of 933 villagers from four villages in Chengdu, this paper evaluatedthe overall effects of VC system from the perspective of villagers, and then, applying Logit binary response model andlogarithm model, this paper also analyzed how villager’s individual characteristics affect their awareness and judgments on the new institution. Results show that over three-quarter villagers are well aware of the new institution, and most of them believe this new system brought some positive effects in solving village public affairs. Empirical analysis further provedthat education level and political attention of villagers are positive significant factors influencing their awareness of VCsystem, implying that, ceteris paribus, villagers with higher education levels or higher political sense usually show deeperunderstanding and are willing to give higher praise to the new institution. Therefore, we suggest that the government can improve the VC system further through strengthening publicity, enhancing democratic awareness of villagers, optimizingthe channel of information system as well as taking into account villagers’ characteristics when designing the institution.