Abstract: The urban-rural dual economic structure is a common problem during the industrialization process in developing countries. Reducing the negative influence of the urban-rural dual economic structure becomes the focus of development strategy of the provincial (regional) governments. Applying the entropy weight and the TOPSIS methods on the data from urban-rural developments in 13 provinces/regions, this paper constructed a comprehensive measuring model and analyzed the intensity and the influencing factors of the urban-rural dual economic structure from four different perspectives, including the comprehensive economic development, the income and expenditure gap between urban and rural areas, the financial development, and the differences in urban-rural land usage. Results show that: stronger urban-rural dual economic structures basically appear in the central and western agricultural regions. The weaker ones are in those regions of either with better development of both urban and rural areas or with better development in rural area but weak development in urban area. The influencing factor analysis shows that the comprehensive economic development has an opposite impact on the dual structure compared with the income and expenditure gap between urban and rural areas and the rural financial development and the urban and rural land usage also show opposite impact on the dual structure. To reduce the negative impacts of the urban-rural dual economic structure, it is suggested that 1) to promote urbanization and industrialization to improve the overall level of economic development; 2) to cultivate new agricultural enterprises to narrow the income and expenditure gap between urban and rural areas; 3) to build a new rural financial system to promote the development of urban and rural finance; and 4) to encourage and develop the innovative method to narrow the difference of land usages between urban and rural areas.