Abstract: In this study, the spatial distribution of soil organic matter (SOM) in Fujin County, Sanjiang Plain was studied in 2013, using methods of geostatistics, conventional statistics and GIS. In addition, the temporal change of SOM during the last 32 years was analyzed by contrasting SOM data in 2013 and SOM data at the Second National Soil Survey conducted in 1981. The results showed that the average SOM content in 2013 was 42.1 g/kg, and it was decreased by 18.6% as compared with that in 1981. The spatial distribution of SOM in 2013 exhibited a pattern of higher contents in southeast but lower contents in northwest, which was influenced by both structure and random factors. According to the SOM classification standard of the Second National Soil Survey, SOM content in 85.9% of croplands in Fujin County was changed to different extent between 1981 and 2013, with 50.5% increased and 35.4% decreased.