Abstract: Farmer is important economic activity subject in rural dweller. The research on the farmers' living space system evolution mechanism can analyze from microcosmic angle on the farmers' choice of residential location and residential activities related to evolution of behavior. This paper analyzes the impact of farmers' housing location choice factors from the external regional development environment including natural, economic, social and cultural, institutional policy and farmer life, production, development, demand of the residential behavior, to discuss farmer housing location choice decision driving factors from the residential spatial preference, building, transfer cost and policy guidance.