Abstract: Constructing the perfect industrial chain is an effective way to improve the whole competitiveness of the cotton industry. By using the revealed comparative advantage model, this paper make an analysis to the competitiveness of cotton industry chains which includes cotton-planting, spinning, weaving and cloth-making in XPCC. The result shows that the competitiveness is weaking in all sectors of cotton industry for XPCC, and with the stretching of the chain, the competitiveness is weaking upstream to downstream, which means in the low-end sectors such as the cotton-planting's and spinning's, the RCAP indexes are very high, while the competitiveness of high-end product including weaving and clothing are in the inferior position. Based on the conclusion, some recommendations are provided including optimize the structure of cotton industry chains, develop the leading textile enterprises and to carve out the cloththing industry which having the national characteristics.