Abstract: Accurate evaluation of the efficiency of fiscal expenditure on supporting agriculture (FESA) helps to know the actual effects of FESA and to identify the problems in the management and the use of financial funds for agriculture, enabling us to take corresponding measures to improve the efficiency of FESA. Based on the panel data of FESA of 14 cities (states) in Hunan Province from 2008 to 2013 and applying the DEA model, this paper analyzed the efficiency of FESA from both the provincial and the municipal levels and explored the effective ways for all regions to promote the efficiency of FESA. Results show that 1) the overall efficiency of FESA in Hunan province is relatively high; 2) the annual averages of technical efficiency in 6 years are all above 0.8, showing slightly increasing trends each year; 3) from the municipal level, the regional disparity is distinct, and the difference of the technical efficiencies between the highest and the lowest is 0.637; 4) in most regions, especially some relatively well-developed regions in central Hunan and eastern Hunan, the pure technical efficiency is relatively higher while the scale efficiency is relatively lower. For these regions, adjustment of the expenditure structure and integration of financial funds for agriculture should be conducted on the basis of the current expenditure scale; and 5) in some relatively less-developed regions in central Hunan and western Hunan, neither their pure technical efficiency nor sale efficiency is high enough and showing a diminishing trend of return to scale. To improve the comprehensive efficiency of these regions, the government should not only strengthen the fund management, but also enlarge the scale of fiscal supporting for agriculture.