Abstract: This paper based on the lotion quotient law,empirically analyzes the comparative advantages of both overall and internal industries of agriculture industry of Jiangxi in the central region of China and eleven major cities in Jiangxi. It is suggested that Jiangxi did not have obvious agricultural advantage in the central region in general,however,it owned comparative advantages in forestry industry, breeding industry and fishing industry. What’s more, there is polarization among inner cities of Jiangxi in general agriculture,which the middle and southern part developed much better than the north. Some cities showed obvious comparative advantages in forest industry, fishing industry and agricultural services,while none showed in planting industry and breeding industry. By this,couple with resource endowment and location of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Province should take advantage of regional resources, progress agricultural services and build above the provincial level modern agricultural demonstration zones to develop modern agriculture.