Abstract: Improving the rural ecological environment and building rural ecological civilization are important goals of implementing rural land comprehensive renovation. Currently, the rural land comprehensive renovation has been the national strategic deployment, has become an important platform of promoting agricultural modernization. It is necessary to attach more importance to the ecological engineering construction of rural land comprehensive renovation from the perspective of building ecological civilization in order to improve the ecological environment benefits in practice. Based on the theories of soil-science, geo-science, biodiversity protection, landscape ecology and agriculture ecological engineering, this paper gives analysis the specific application of the relevant theories during the process of the rural land comprehensive renovation. Then from the view of ecological civilization construction, several ecological engineering models of agricultural land renovation and rural residential areas renovation are put forward for the purpose of promoting rural land comprehensive renovation sustainable development, building rural ecological civilization and the construction of “beautiful country” and “beautiful China”.