Abstract: The authors systematically analyzed to the evolution of investment mechanism concerning Jilin major grain producing areas construction and the policy effect since “the Sixth Five-year Plan” on basis of briefly discussing the status and contribution of Jilin major grain producing areas in China. Jilin local governments has invested huge funds in the commodity grain base construction, grain risk fund mating, supporting special agricultural development and agricultural subsidies mating et al under co-building policy of the central and local governments and has improved the food production capacity. But it was found out that Jilin local interests loss has been huge and continuous, fiscal revenue of the local governments and farmers'' income are affected severely, power of the grain production has been shortage in the major grain producing areas. It was put forward to policy suggestions include that build and gradually perfect the interests compensation mechanism to the major grain producing areas, coordinate the interests relations between the central and local, grain production areas and grain consumption areas.