Abstract: Time-series SPOT VGT NDVI datasets, which served as an evaluation index of the vegetation cover, were used in this paper to analyze the distribution characteristics and change trend of year maximum NDVI in Wei River Basin since converting farmland into forest or grassland project implementation with the help of Arc GIS 10.0 and ENVI 4.7 software. The results indicated that: there were high value in Liupan Mountain, Ziwu Mountain, northern slope of Qin Mountain and Guanzhong area. The vegetation cover condition in source area of Wei River was best, loess tableland area was worse, hilly and gully region was worst. The overall vegetation coverage was improving while local vegetation coverage presented a bad trend. The slight improvement, moderate improvement and significant improvement area accounted for 29.35%, 26.49% and 8.21% respectively. Nevertheless, 6.59% area of the whole basin presented a degrading trend, so it is necessary to further strengthen the ecological environment construction in the future. Most regions in the Wei River Basin showed significant positive correlation between NDVI and time over the past decade, especially in the Loess Hilly-gully Region where the achievements of vegetation construction were quite noticeable. Counties or cities with negative slope mainly located in the middle and lower part of Wei River. Moreover, the vegetation cover in four different slope areas experienced great improvement from 1998 to 2010, which were arranged by the order of 0-°6°, 6°-15°, 15°-25°and above 25°. Wuqi County which is located in hilly and gully region presented the most obvious recover trend, midstream of Jing River, upstream and midstream Beiluo River as well as upstream of Wei River also had significant recover trend