Abstract: Water scarcity is a key factor that restricting the development of the northwest of China. To building a watersaving society, we must pay special attentions to agricultural production, water cost, and also we need to completely change the mode of flood irrigation, developing in an way of water-market method. This paper presents an exploring of the cost of water-market-oriented path, re-designs the local government of the northwest's agricultural production and water policy, while building a market mechanism system of the national technical support and policy system