Abstract: Assessment of soil erosion sensitivity is a very important content of the ecological environment sensitivity evaluation and ecological function zoning. Basing on ArcGIS and GeoDa software platform and USLE, the rainfall erosivity (R), soil erodibility (K), slope length and steepness factor (LS) and vegetation management factor (C) around Xingguo County of Jiangxi Province which is located in the typical red soil hilly area were calculated to make a comprehensive assessment and spatial autocorrelation analysis to sensitivity of soil erosion. The main results showed as follows: ①According to the classification criterion of the soil erosion sensitivities, most areas 70.25 % of the region suffered the slight and moderate erosion, while the strong and intense sensitivities covered a large area, which amounted to 364.57 km2; ②In the 5% of the significant level, 53.14% of the sensitivity observation areas were spatial positive autocorrelation, its concentrated distribution is in the south, west, northern and central of Xingguo County, while 46.86% of the observation areas spatial negative autocorrelation, where is in the north, south, west and central of Xingguo County. The results could be beneficial for providing reference to construction planning of soil and water conservation and eco-environment for the local government.