Abstract: This article described the industrial situation of camellia oleifera planting area as long as yield and output value in Hunan Province. The causes of low yield in Hunan Province was analyzed, that is, the lack of optimization management which caused natural forests degenerating to artificially mixed forest; low level of ecological system construction, the old camellia forest age, and mismanagement and intermingled varieties; Attach more importance to short-term economic than long-term eco-system. This paper proposed measurements for optimization and reconstruction the camellia forest, present the establishment of the regional economic forest“economic benefit - ecological service function”two-way evaluation index system for reasonable calculating the value of camellia forest, so as to promote the development of industrialization of camellia oleifera and provide references for other areas.