Abstract: To investigate the effects of parent material, land use type, and their interaction on soil acidification and nutrient status of latosols in Hainan Island, 106 soil samples from the 0 to 20 cm soil layer were collected from cultivated land, rubber plantations, and garden land developed from three typical parent materials, namely granite, sandstone-shale, and basalt. Soil acidification and nutrient indicators were determined, and analysis of variance, correlation analysis, and redundancy analysis (RDA) were performed. The results showed that sandstone-shale-derived latosols had the highest exchangeable total acidity (Ex_TA) and exchangeable aluminum (Ex_Al), indicating stronger potential acidity. Basalt-derived latosols had the highest cation exchange capacity (CEC), exchangeable magnesium (Ex_Mg), soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP), whereas granite-derived latosols had relatively higher pH, available phosphorus (AP), and available potassium (AK). Among the different land use types, rubber plantation latosols had the lowest pH, and their Ex_Al was significantly higher than that of garden land latosols. Cultivated land latosols had the highest pH and AK but the lowest SOM and TN, whereas garden land latosols had the highest TP and AP. Soil pH was significantly positively correlated with total exchangeable bases (TEB), AP, and AK, whereas Ex_TA and Ex_Al were significantly negatively correlated with these indicators. The first two RDA axes cumulatively explained 20.58% of the variation in nutrient status, indicating that soil acidification was associated with nutrient status, whereas nutrient differentiation was also jointly influenced by parent material, land use type, and other factors. Significant interactive effects between parent material and land use type were observed for pH, Ex_Mg, AP, and AK. Overall, parent material and land use type should be considered jointly to implement zonal prevention and control of soil acidification and precision nutrient management of latosols in Hainan Island.