Abstract: Rural labor mobility is closely related not only to the individual development and welfare improvement of migrant workers but also to urban-rural restructuring and socioeconomic transformation. Based on data from the China Rural Revitalization Survey (CRRS) and the county-level Digital Village Index developed by the New Rural Development Institute of Peking University, this study systematically examines the impact of rural digitalization on the return migration of rural migrant workers and its underlying mechanisms. The results show that: 1) Rural digitalization significantly increases the probability of return migration among rural migrant workers. This effect is mainly driven by improvements in rural digital infrastructure, economic digitalization, and digital governance, whereas the effect of digitalized public services and daily life has not yet become evident. 2) The moderating analysis indicates that the return-migration effect of rural digitalization is conditional and is significantly affected by the urban-rural digital divide. Specifically, the promoting effect is stronger when the digital divide is smaller. 3) Mechanism analysis shows that rural digitalization promotes return migration primarily by increasing expected income, improving information accessibility, and enhancing life satisfaction. 4) Heterogeneity analysis further reveals that the effect is more pronounced in lower-income regions and among rural migrant workers who migrate to lower-tier cities, have shorter migration distances, possess lower educational attainment, and are employed mainly in the primary and tertiary industries.