Abstract: Promoting the comprehensive green transformation of agriculture is an important pathway for achieving rural ecological revitalization and high-quality agricultural development. As a key risk management instrument, agricultural insurance plays an increasingly important role in promoting agricultural green transformation. Based on survey data from 1,051 farm households in Henan, Hubei, and Hunan provinces, this study employs an ordered Probit model to empirically examine the effect of agricultural insurance on the adoption of environmentally friendly agricultural technologies. From the perspective of dual information constraints at the agricultural insurance coverage side and the technology adoption side, and by incorporating two mechanisms of government demonstration and neighborhood demonstration, this study systematically investigates the barriers to this effect and the pathways through which information constraints can be alleviated. The results show that: 1) agricultural insurance significantly promotes the adoption of environmentally friendly agricultural technologies by farm households, with a stronger incentive effect on capital-intensive technologies. This effect becomes more pronounced when farmers have greater concerns about technology failure; 2) dual information constraints significantly weaken the incentive effect of agricultural insurance; 3) government demonstration and neighborhood demonstration can effectively alleviate information constraints, thereby strengthening the positive effect of agricultural insurance on technology adoption; 4) farmers with grassroots governance experience or cooperative membership respond more significantly to agricultural insurance policies because of their stronger information acquisition capacity. Accordingly, this study suggests that the design of agricultural insurance systems should be optimized from a systemic perspective. Information constraints should be addressed in a coordinated manner, policy transmission efficiency should be improved, and the targeted incentive and supportive role of agricultural insurance in agricultural green transformation should be strengthened on the basis of fiscal support.