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长江经济带乡村业态创新评价及影响因素研究

Research on the evaluation and determinants of rural business format innovation in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

  • 摘要: 乡村业态创新是推动农村产业高质量发展的关键途径,对优化农村经济结构、提升农民收入以及推进农业农村现代化具有重要作用。在系统分析乡村业态创新内涵特征及影响因素的基础上,本文从全产业融合、全链条增值和全环节提升三个维度构建乡村业态创新综合评价指标体系,并基于2011—2022年长江经济带11个省份数据,运用熵值法、泰尔指数及重心-标准差椭圆等方法定量测度乡村业态创新水平及其时空格局。此外,通过双向固定效应模型探讨了乡村业态创新的影响机制。研究结果表明:首先,长江经济带乡村业态创新水平稳步提升,但区域差异逐渐扩大,下游地区发展水平最高,中游次之,上游最低,浙江和江苏长期处于全域领先地位。其次,空间演进格局呈东北-西南方向分布,重心先向西南移动,随后向东北回移,表现出“先分散、后集聚”的特征,并最终向下游地区集聚。再次,农村金融、土地流转、农村人力资本和农村科技创新对乡村业态创新具有显著正向促进作用,而农村数字基础设施建设和财政支农未表现出预期的正向效应。

     

    Abstract: Innovation in rural business models is a key approach to promoting the high-quality development of rural industries, playing an important role in optimizing the rural economic structure, increasing farmers’ income, and advancing the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. Based on a systematic analysis of the connotation, characteristics, and influencing factors of rural business model innovation, this study constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system from three dimensions: full industrial integration, full chain value-added, and full process improvement. Using data from 11 provinces in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2011 to 2022, the entropy method, Theil index, and standard deviational ellipse are applied to quantitatively measure the level of rural business model innovation and analyze its spatio-temporal patterns. Furthermore, an Two-way fixed-effect model is employed to empirically test the influencing mechanisms. The results show that the level of rural business model innovation in the Yangtze River Economic Belt has steadily increased, but regional disparities have gradually expanded. The downstream region has the highest development level, followed by the middle reaches, while the upstream lags behind. Zhejiang and Jiangsu have maintained a leading position across the region. In terms of spatial evolution, the standard deviational ellipse presents a northeast–southwest distribution pattern, with the center first shifting southwestward and then northeastward, showing a trend of “first dispersion, then aggregation” and ultimately concentrating in the downstream region. In addition, rural finance, land transfer, rural human capital, and rural technological innovation significantly promote rural business model innovation, while rural digital infrastructure construction and fiscal support for agriculture do not show the expected positive effects.

     

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