Abstract: Investigating the influences of agricultural land transfer on farmers' conservation tillage practices of black soil farmland can provide valuable references for the government in formulating relevant policies to promote farmers' adoption of black soil farmland conservation tillage techniques. Based on a micro-survey data of farmers from typical counties and cities in the Sanjiang Plain of Heilongjiang Province, this paper explored the impacts and mechanism of agricultural land transfer on farmers' conservation tillage behaviors of black soil farmland by the multivariate ordered Logistic regression model and the mediating effect model. Results indicate: 1) Agricultural land transfer has a significant positive effect on farmers' conservation tillage behaviors of black soil farmland. Specifically, the transfer area, transfer cost, and the degree of marketization of transfer have significant positive effects on farmers' conservation tillage behaviors of black soil farmland. 2) Agricultural land transfer, the transfer area, and the degree of marketization of transfer can significantly promote farmers' conservation tillage behaviors of black soil farmland by alleviating land fragmentation. 3) Compared with small-scale farmers, the mediating role of land fragmentation in the influence of agricultural land transfer on the conservation tillage behaviors of large-scale farmers is more significant. Based on the above results, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions, including optimizing agricultural land transfer policies, implementing both fiscal and financial incentives, and promoting the reform of "converting small fields into large fields".