Abstract: Carbon peaking and carbon neutrality (double-carbon) is one of China's important strategies to promote high-quality development. Agriculture is an important and indispensable field in the implementation of the double-carbon strategy. Planting industry is the main body of agriculture in China. It is of great significance to study and explore the path to achieve carbon neutrality of planting industry in China. Based on the theoretical understanding of the key issues on carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas emissions of planting industry, this paper reviewed the research progress in the research field at home and abroad, discussed the technical path and put forward suggestions to improve the technological innovation ability of carbon neutrality of planting industry in China. Results shows that different understandings existed presently about whether planting industry is a carbon "source" or "sink", and a standardized system of farmland carbon accounting methods was urgently necessary to resolve the issue. Meanwhile, the planting industry in China needs to achieve carbon neutrality based on a system perspective, considering the whole life cycle of crop production including agricultural material input, on-field cultivation and waste disposal as well as the whole production processes including crop varieties, planting modes, soil water and fertilizer management, and agricultural machinery tillage. Four technological pathways were proposed based on the considerations above, including the reasonable reduction of agricultural materials inputted in production system, improving the use efficiency of nutrients, recycling the different types of agricultural wastes, and crop technology innovation. In order to achieve carbon neutrality in planting industry in China, it is urgent to strengthen the scientific and technological innovation capability of carbon neutrality in the field from four aspects, including strengthening the scientific and technological innovation on carbon neutrality in farmland ecosystems, consolidating the construction of a national agricultural dual carbon platform base, establishing a national research alliance for resolving the agricultural double-carbon problem, promoting the international scientific research cooperation projects on agricultural carbon neutrality.