Abstract: In previous studies, the dual needs of environmental protection and the development of hog breeding industry are seldom considered together. Applying the Malmquist-Luenberger productivity index method, this paper analyzed the scale hog production efficiency in China under the constraint of environmental regulations in China from 2006 to 2013 and discussed the moderate scale management of hog production. Results show that: 1) With the environmental regulations, the scale hog production efficiency in China displayed a moderate growth trend with some fluctuations and regional differences; 2) There are some environmental technology innovators emerging among different scales and those innovators became the main force for the innovation and development of the hog breeding technology. In addition, the larger the breeding scale is, the more obvious the promotional effect they have on technological progress; 3) The scale hog production efficiency under environmental regulations do not “fall” but “rise”, which is influenced by the environmental protection laws, showing a “Porter win-win” outcome; 4) As different regions have differences in production efficiency and optimal breeding scale, they should select moderate scales according to local situation of resource, environment and economy to improve hog production efficiency.