Abstract: Based on the field survey data in Xiji, Ningxia Province of the poverty rate, the poverty gap ratio, the SPG index, and the poverty affordability index, this paper empirically analyzed the poverty situation of the sampled villages. Results show that the overall dynamic convergence degree among Engel coefficient, poverty rate and poverty gap ratio are higher in the landform areas and the ethnic villages. In addition, the poverty affordability index and the SPG index, which measures the poverty intensity, present declining trends, indicating very positive sign for poverty alleviation. Meanwhile, the poverty alleviation time of the landform areas and ethnic villages is shortening each year, implying significant achievement of poverty alleviation. However, the poverty breadth, depth and intensity of poverty villages in Loess hilly-gully region is among the highest and poverty alleviation are still a very challenging burden. Therefore to better target the villages in extreme poverty requires a well-designed multi-dimensional questionnaire, poverty relieve policies with consideration of balance, regional characteristic, regional resource endowments. It also requires a dynamic technology monitoring system and an innovative management system.