Abstract: The degree of agricultural scientific data sharing and utilization can directly reflect the level of agricultural science and technology of a region or a country, and also impact the capacity of the agricultural science and technology on sustainability, stability, and continuous development and improvement. In this paper, from the point of view of the synergetics, we used the Xinjiang agricultural scientific data sharing as a case study to develop the collaborative architecture of agricultural scientific data sharing and analyze the collaborative relationships between data subjects and between data subjects and their sub-systems. We applied middleware and metadata to realize the integration of the distributed and heterogeneous data, and built the integrated architecture, the overall framework and the function modules of the Xinjiang agricultural scientific data sharing platform. The system was expected to provide the subject-oriented data services, and different access authority of the data sharing services for data users at different levels of data requests. In order to achieve the ultima objectives of the system orientations of services, network and users, we pursued the optimization of the system management of the Xinjiang agricultural scientific data sharing, and deal with the overwhelming data sharing demand of the Xinjiang agricultural scientific data from the synergetic point of view.