Abstract: The new generation of farmers abandoning farming is a major constraint for current and future rural reform and development. Based on The national agricultural statistics data and farmer survey conducted in Shenxian, Shandong Province, this paper investigated current status of the new generation of farmers’ willingness of the continuation of farming business and its impact on the agricultural development. The results show that, 67.4% of the young farmers abandoned farming in which year? In addition, the higher the education level, the lower the willingness to engage in agricultural practice. The new generation peasants' selection poses a severe challenge to agricultural modernization, land circulation, modernization of agricultural management, cultivation of rural social order transition, and national food security. Poor agricultural production conditions, the low agricultural production revenue, lack of resources for agricultural modernization, poor rural living conditions are the main reasons for the peasants' abandoning farming. To solve this issue, it is important to improve the transformation of rural reform and development, promote the integration of urban and rural development and to build prosperous civilized and open rural societies. Main measures include optimizing the conditions of agricultural production; speeding up the rural reform; prioritize development resources to rural regions; and constructing superior living environment etc.