Abstract: A major source of rural environmental problems lies in the formation of the current strong intervention of state power and the absence of social power. The study found a close link between environmental issues and state power in recent years. And the same is true on environmental protest, which also led the environmental protests much directed to the local government. By the height penetration of state power, the environmental governance structure rendered as an unbalanced state, leading to a systematic environmental crisis. In the perspective of ecological politics, building the institutional balance of rural environmental governance become essential, and one of the most crucial question is how to produce the society. The special social development of China making the reliance on “civil society” becomes impossible. However, relying on the reconstruction of the national power system, and promote the development of “active society” would be a viable path. Focus on the reality of the social system, we can consider the collaborative governance of ecological environment from three aspects, includes the Intergovernmental Collaborative, the state - social collaboration as well as national, market and social collaboration. The ultimate aim is to build the structure of the collaborative governance mechanisms of state, market and society on ecological issues.