Abstract: Enhancing agricultural resilience is a key measure for implementing the resolutions of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, which emphasizes "improving the support system for strengthening agriculture, benefiting farmers, and enriching rural communities". Based on tracking survey data from farmers in Jiangsu Province, this study constructs a theoretical framework that integrates "agricultural insurance - agricultural land rights confirmation - human capital - agricultural resilience". The entropy method is applied to measure agricultural risk and resilience levels, and the study explores the impacts of agricultural insurance, land rights confirmation, and human capital on agricultural resilience, along with their mechanisms. The results reveal: 1) Agricultural risk exhibits spatial imbalances, with the highest risks observed in southern Jiangsu, where overall agricultural resilience is relatively low and spatial correlations are evident; 2) Agricultural insurance, land rights confirmation, and human capital significantly enhance agricultural resilience, a finding that remains robust across various tests; 3) Heterogeneity analysis indicates that human capital plays a significant moderating role in strengthening the positive effect of agricultural insurance on resilience, particularly in areas where land rights have been confirmed. Based on these findings, the study offers several recommendations, including improving the agricultural insurance system, advancing land rights confirmation policies, and providing agricultural technology training and support to enhance resilience and contribute to building a strong agricultural sector.